LaTeX公式编号技巧

2019-07-20 阅读量
\documentclass[UTF8,no-math,12pt,openany,table,dvipsnames,svgnames]{article}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{ctex,amsmath,amssymb,mathrsfs}
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  pdftitle={行间公式的编号技巧},pdfauthor={向禹},linktoc=page,
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\begin{document}
\title{多行公式的编号技巧}\date{\empty}
\maketitle
\href{https://yuxtech.github.io/tex/amsmath.pdf}{amsmath包} 对于行间公式的输出提供了非常强大的功能,我们今天则是介绍基于\textbf{amsmath}包如何去实现特定的多行公式编号技巧.

\section{多行公式一个编号}
在换行的公式中,如果直接用\textbf{align}环境会给每行都编号, \textbf{align*}环境则每一行都没有编号.但是我们可以用\verb|\notag|命令指定某些行不编号,如
\begin{tcblisting}{sidebyside}
\begin{align}
a&=b+c\notag\\
a^2&=b^2+c^2\\
a^3&=b^3+c^3\notag
\end{align}
\end{tcblisting}
除了用\textbf{align}环境之外,我们还可以用次环境\textbf{aligned}来更好地实现这种效果
\begin{tcblisting}{sidebyside}
\begin{align}\begin{aligned}
a&=b+c\\
a^2&=b^2+c^2
\end{aligned}\end{align}
\end{tcblisting}
\textbf{aligned}环境可以看成一个盒子,我们还可以给这个盒子添加定界符
\begin{tcblisting}{sidebyside}
\begin{align}
\left\{\begin{aligned}
&a=b+c\\
&a^2=b^2+c^2
\end{aligned}\right.\end{align}
\end{tcblisting}
指定不同块按等号对齐,同时每个区块一个编号,这时用\textbf{split}次环境
\begin{tcblisting}{sidebyside}
\begin{align}
a+b&=b+c\\
\begin{split}
a&=b+c\\
a^2&=b^2+c^2
\end{split}\\
\begin{split}
a&=b+c\\
a^2&=b^2+c^2
\end{split}
\end{align}
\end{tcblisting}
一行两个公式两个编号,这种情况自然需要\textbf{minipage}环境支持了.
\begin{tcblisting}{}
\begin{minipage}{0.5\textwidth}
\begin{equation}
a^2+b^2=c^2
\end{equation}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.5\textwidth}
\begin{equation}
a^3=b^3+c^3
\end{equation}
\end{minipage}
\end{tcblisting}
给带定界符的方程组的每一行都编号,这种情况\textbf{amsmath}包无法实现,我们可以用\textbf{cases}包的\textbf{numcases}环境
\begin{tcblisting}{sidebyside}
%\usepackage{cases}
\begin{numcases}{f(x)=}%f(x)=可以置空
1,&$x\in\mathbb Q$\\
0,&$x\notin\mathbb Q$
\end{numcases}.
\end{tcblisting}
不过上述\textbf{numcases}环境的效果是不尽如人意的,更好的效果是用\textbf{empheq}包,它可以给\textbf{amsmath}包提供的数学环境添加各种定界符.
\begin{tcblisting}{sidebyside}
\begin{empheq}[left=\empheqlbrace,right=\empheqrbrack]{align}
&a=b+c&&a=b\\
&a^2=b^2+c^2&&a=b
\end{empheq}
\end{tcblisting}
\end{document}